Risiko dalam Implementasi Free On Board (FOB) Berdasarkan Incoterms 2010 pada Penyelenggaraan Pengangkutan Laut

Abstract

Incoterms 2010, issued by the International Chamber of Commerce and effective January 1,
2011, is a set of rules for the delivery of products between sellers and buyers that are routinely
included in international sales contracts. Incoterms 2010 provides harmonized rules of
interpretation for eleven general trading terms. From these eleven common terms, a trader must
select the Incoterms that are most appropriate for the specific transaction he wishes to undertake.
If used correctly, Incoterms 2010 is an effective risk management tool. However, old trading
practices create tensions with modern transportation practices and Incoterms 2010, potentially
increasing risks for traders. When using Incoterms, Free On Board (FOB) terms are the most
frequently used in transportation methods. This article intends to examine what risks occur in using
the term FOB, especially in sea transportation. The type of research used in this paper is normative
legal research (normative analysis) using library materials as a source of research data.
Furthermore, this article intends to provide support to traders to learn more about FOB so that they
can propose criteria that might be applied to choose the most appropriate Incoterm. Therefore, this
will be the basis of how the mode of transport influences and sometimes even determines choices for
a certain period of time.